Clutch



L. E. LA BRIE Dec. 12, 1950 CLUTCH 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Feb. 20, 1941 E INVENTOR 1 mggar Z. 14B7'Ze.

ATTORNEYS.

L. E. LA BRIE Dec. 12, 1950 CLUTCH 4 Sheets-Sheet? Original Filed Feb. 20, 1941 INVENTOR judge) I. 14,25rle.

ATTORNEYS.

Deco 12, 1950 L. E. LA BRIE 2,534,033

CLUTCH Original Filed Feb. 20, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR erZ. 14,327 M MM ATTORNEY5.

9 1950 E. LA BRIE 2,534,033

lNVENTOR jzzajgerj f g/WWW ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 12, 1950 2,534,033 oto'rofi Lud'ger "La :Brie, Detroit, Mich, :ia'ssignor Ito Chrysler Gorporation, Highland Park, Mich., a corporation of Delaware .sioiaims. (01.192 35) This invention relates to clutches in general and in particular to clutches'of the servo type, and is a division of my copendin'g application Serial No. 379,786, filed February-20, 1941,:now Patent No. 2,374,688.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a servo clutch which is more-compact, easier to operate and smoother in ("operation than those of the prior "art.

An additional object is to provide "a clutch 'of'this type which is'readily adapted ffor'zmanual or power operation.

A further "object is tojprovid'e simple and efiective means for initiating operation of ime servo mechanism for controlling engagement or the clutch.

.A still i'further object is to provide novel and efficient poweractuating mecha'nism for clutehes of this general type.

.A still further obj'ect'is to provide :anexpanil- .in spring "type clutch wherein torque may he transmitted in either direction, thus making possible use of-clutches of this type in-fin'stallations where overrunning or free wh'e'lin'g d'f one shaft or structure relativeto the other is-not desired.

Further objects and advantages will beoome apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, reie'rene'e "being made to the accompanying 'drawings in which: a

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal el'evational V'iew,- p'artly .in section, of an embodiment of the clutch adapted for manual operation; Y

Fig. 2 is a, View of theclutch expansion spring and actuating lug as viewed along the line -2- 2 of'Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary View of the part's show-n in Fig. 2 as seen when looking in'the tlir'ection :of the arrow 3;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line l- 1 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a fragm'entary sectional view --a'long line 5-5 of Fig. '1;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view of the Figilclut-ch adapted for differential fluid pressure operation;

Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are similar vie'wssliow ing tl'ie c lutch adapte'd for operation respectivelyby ma netic 'means, by a, solenoid and by electrical eddy current means;

Fig. 1.0 is 'a'fragmentary sectional view along the line ll!l of Fig'. "9

:Fig. 11 is al'ongitudin'al elevationalview,partly in section, of a further modification; and

.Fig. '12 is :a sectional view along line lkm Inf I1. Y .7

Referring now to Figs. .--1 5, inclusive, 1 my :proved clutch is illustrated in atypical :envirom ment forming a releasable driving :connection between a drivin shaft-l0 and a drivenishaft H. The former is :preferably adapted to he driven -;by a ;prime mover "and the llatter, connected to a load, such as for example, the input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission. It is, however, obvious :that any improved clutch is :not necessarily :restricted :in 'use to the specific .ifelationship shown.

Splined :on the driving shaft :10 at I2 :is the clutch driving :elem'ent 11:3, whichkfor convenience of manufacture is .made ":up of -two parts wi l land :15 riveted together at l6. 5A retaining nut =44 -'.threaded1y engages the hollowed-out "end portion or :the shaft met 18 rand serves rtorretain "the :clutch element "laiagainst displacement. 'lil ie -dri'ven :shait em reduced in size at zone end and is :"piloted in the hollow end 0f shaft 0, Iain anti-friction bearing ifot'atably separating the :two.

Elie driven element of 'th'e clu-tch comprises the structure 20, whieh for convenienceof manufacture is made up -of the' parts 2-] and 22 rivetedtoge'therat 2'3. The lemenft ends-spl nes son the shaft ll at 24. The --por'tion -12 thereof c arries the clutch engaging element whieh consists of a 'coil spring ZF-staked 'at-oneend thereof 215 =(Fi g. 2) t'o' 'the driven portion fifby'pins fi and 22-7 The spring 2 5 is formed-6f spa-11am "teiial of substantially rectangular t ess/season and is wound such thatiitdsaiiapted to normally closely engage {the outer "cylindrical "surface 28 or the "portion 22 "(if "-the driven element-2n; The -opposite end o'f mesp'rm isa afiteii for engagement eyeing 29fwhi'ch is eteu'at t'o the clutch fpilot member f3l. {A pin 25 '(Fig. 2) retains the spring i5 endwise pn f'tlie "portion 22 or the drivenel'em'ent and may also serve as a stopf-forthelug 2'9 o'f'the pilot'hitch member when the spring is released.

The iiil'otmember 3] 1st: dished ="ti8ii- *strnction *aticl is 'joiirn'aled onthe driven shaft engages the clutch surface 34 and under such circumstances, clockwise rotation of shaft l will cause corresponding rotation of pilot member 3|. This will, in turn, cause the lug 29 to exert pressure on the rear end of spring 25 tending to unwind the spring. Unwinding of the spring 25 will be accompanied by increase in diameter thereof and the outer surface of the spring will engage the inner cylindrical surface 36' of the driving element portion l5 thereby establishing a torque transmitting connection between the elements l3 and 20.

The spring reacts against one race of an anti-friction ball bearing 36, preferably of the sealed type, which is prevented from displacement along shaft I I by snap ring 31.

It is of course apparent that, as so far described, the clutch will transmit torque in one direction only. This is necessarily true because,

'if the driving thrust is shifted from shaft H] to shaft II (as would occur upon coasting of the vehicle in a motor vehicle installation) the spring 25 will tend to wind up under inherent tension, there no longer being thrust imposed thereon by lug 29, and thus will disengage from the surface 36. r

. In order to prevent overrunning of the shaft relatively to the shaft Ill and to provide twoway torque transmission through the clutch, a reverse type roller clutch device is operatively disposed between the elements l3 and 20. This roller clutch device comprises a set of overrunning rollers 38 which are retained in spaced relation by a cage 39, a spring 40 being provided for urging the cage toward driving position as is conventional in these types of clutch devices. The outer surface of the member 2| is provided with a set of cams 4| in the vicinity of the rollers and these cams are so shaped that the rollers will wedge between the higher portions of the cams and the inner cylindrical surface of the member l4 whenever the member 2| tends to rotate faster than the member l4.

The pilot member 3| may be disengaged from the driving member l3 by a release mechanism which includes an anti-friction release bearing 42. The inner race 43 thereof is staked to the pilot member 3| by snap rings 45 and the outer race of the bearing has a driven fit with the inner cylindrical surface of a release collar 46. The latter has a shoulder 49 adapted for engagement by the depending ends 41 of a release yoke 48 which is keyed at 56 to a shaft 5|. The shaft 5| is adapted to be operated by any suitably constructed manually actuated mechanism such as a pedal or a hand operated linkage.

The operation of the clutch will be readily understood from the above description, it being apparent that the spring 35 will act to engage the friction shoe 33 with the conical surface 34 of the driving structure; whereupon the pilot member 3| will rotate in the direction of the driving structure and the lug 29 will unwind the clutch spring 25 carried by the driven structure which will frictionally engage the surface 36 of the driving structure and thereby establish a driving connection between the two structures.

.Rotation of the shaft 5| in a counterclockwise Tendency of the drivenstructure to overrun the driving structure will also permit the spring 25 to contract and under these conditions the drive will be transmitted through the rollers 38 which will wedge between the members l4 and 2|. By properly adjusting the clearance between the rollers 38 and the cams 4| with relation to the slight rotation required to fully engage the spring 25 with the member |5, it is possible to reduce the backlash upon torque reversal to an extremely small amount which is practically unnoticeable. When the pilot member 3| is disengaged, the driving shaft I0 is free to overrun the driven shaft H, but the driven shaft H is prevented at all times from overrunnnig the driving shaft I0.

With the parts illustrated, it is possible to transmit approximately fifty times more torque through the friction connection established by the spring 25 than through the friction connection between the shoe 33 and the surface 34. Any other mechanical advantage derived may of course be obtained by varying the sizes and adjustment of the parts.

My improved clutch is particularly well adapted for power control and I have illustrated several different applications thereof.

Fig. 6 illustrates the clutch of Fig. 1 adapted for fluid pressure control. The pilot member 3 l in this form of the invention is formed with an overhanging annular portion 52 which forms a fluid pressure cylinder adapted for reciprocation along the shaft against the spring 35 a bearing 36 accommodating relative rotation between the pilot member and the spring. A stationary piston 53 surrounds the shaft H and has a chamber 54 which communicates with a source of pressure fluid through a pipe 55. The chamber 54 is connected by a passage 56 with the chamber 5'! of the cylinder 52. A snap ring 58 prevents rearward axial movement of the piston 53 and suitable rings 59, 60 and 6| are provided to insure a fluid-tight assembly. By providing a suitable valve for controlling admission of pressure fluid to chamber 54 the engagement of the pilot member 3| With the clutch driving element 3 may be controlled.

Fig. 7 illustrates the Fig. 1 clutch adapted for magnetic control. In this modification the portion l5 of the clutch driving element I3 is formed with a rear annular portion 62 which carries a field coil 63, the latter being connected by a wire 64 with a collector ring 65. The ring 65 is carried by an insulating ring 68 carried by the member l5. A carbon brush 66, carried by an insulating plug 61, is connected by means of a Wire 69 with a source of electrical potential, the return being effected through the metal of the assembly, which is intended to be grounded in accordance with conventional motor vehicle practice.

The brush 66 is mounted on a stationary part of the assembly 76 through the intermediary of a threaded plug 7| which is provided with a bore for receiving the insulating fitting 6? and a spring 12 which is adapted to urge the brush 66 into contact with the collector ring 65. The clearance between members |5 and 3| b is slight (in the order of eight to ten thousandths) and a friction ring 13 of asbestos fibre or other suitable clutch facing material is carried by the annular portion 62 as shown.

Upon energization of the field coil 63, the pilot member 3| will be attracted by the magnetic flux flowing aroundthe magnetic circuit surrounding the coil and will move axially against the force of the spring 35 into contact'with'the member A snap ring it limits the movement "of the pilotS l' 'under'theforceo'f the spring '35 'to the limit of "the desired clearance.

Inth'e form of theinvention illustrated in Fig. "8, an electrical solenoid, generally designated at T5, controls the action of the pilot member 1-31. The solenoid includes a field coil it carried 'by an 'iron'field structure it? which .is mounted on a "stationary part "is ofthe assembly. The .pilot "Sl' has a rearwardly extending sleeve'portionfll "which isreduc'ed to receive an annular iron core 80, the latter being held against displacement on the aforesaid reduced portion by a ring 8!.

The coil 76 is grounded to the metal-structure at one end and theotherend is adapted to be connected by a wire'8'2 with a source of electrical energy, a suitable contact structure 83 being provided. Inasmuch as the coil ?5 is stationary, no brush or slip'ring is necessary.

The pilot 3 H is normally urged axially against the rings'li by the spring 35, and upon energiza- 'tion of the solenoid field 0011 it moves axially toward the left of Fig. 3 to engage the friction shoe 33 of the pilot clutch.

-.In this modification, the pilot 35 and the ring 758 which separates the field structure from the part "58 are preferably made of stainless steel which i of extremely high reluctance, thereby confining the-flux path to the iron of the solenoid.

.Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate the l clutch adapted-for eddy-current control. In this form -of=-the device, the stationary part of the assembly 84' carries an annular iron field structure 85. .The latter is U-shaped in cross section and carries a field coil 85 adapted for energization through a wire 3'! connected to one end thereof, the other end of the coil being rounded. A stainless steel separator ring '36 is interposed between the field structure 85 and the portion 8% and for best results, the driving member le -and the pilot Sl are also preferably made of non-magnetic material.

An iron ring 89 is riveted at 9b to the member M and constitutes the driving-element'of the eddy-current -pilot clutch structure. The ring 89 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially equally-spaced teeth at around its inner surface. The teeth 9! are adapted to alignradially with asimilar set of teeth t2 formed on the outer periphery of an iron ring 93 carried by the pilot member 3 i as illustrated. The pilot member has an integral lug 253 for actuating the spring and is fixed against axial displacement on the driven shaft I I by washer iii and snap ring 95.

Energization of field coil-8E will cause magnetic flux to fiow through the field structure '85 and across the air gap between the bifurcated portions thereof. The reluctance of "the airgap will of course be lowered by the presence of the iron of the members wand -83, and because of the juxtapositioned teeth on these members there will be alternateregions of high and low-flux density, the flux being high in the regions of the teeth and low in'the regions between the teeth.

Upon rotation of the driving member 85 therefore, a point on the latter moves alternately through regions of high and low fiux density, thustheflux flowing through saidpoint varies in .magnitudeand eddy currents are induced in the members 85 and 93. These eddy currents flow in a direction perpendicular to the path ofthe flux and range in voltage in accordance with the speed of the driving member 89. They induce a flux of "their "own"which "reacts "with -the main'flux and "rotation of the Shaft iii.

tends to "prevent relative rotation *betw'eenthe members 5 89 and 93. is in accordance with Lenzs law which states, in effect, that hang'e in magnitude 'of 'a magnetic 'fiel'd induces a "current'so directed'that itsmagnet'ic "effect tends-"to oppose the magnetic change'which-pro'duc'ed The effect of the flux flowing through the "teethQl and 92 then, will hate oppose relative rotation'between members 8'9 and '93 "and, asBS is rotated at the speed of the "drivingshaft lll the member "93 together with the pilot "31 will be rotated. So long "as there is slippage between members "89 and 93 there will exist an ieddycurrent-produced Ttorque tending to accelerate the member% to'the speed 'dfmember 8'9. When the two members arerotating in synchronism, a given ,point 'on either of members 8'9 and "93 will be subjected to "flux of constant'magnitudearrd no eddy currents will be induced. Under "this condition theholding force .tending to keepfthe members 189 and '93 in synchronism will'be .entirely magnetic. Iti's, however, :apparent that any tendency for the member into 'slipwillioe instantly opposed by the eddy-current-produce'ti torque.

In practice "it will be foundthat'the sprin 25 grips the member Iii very quicklyafter coilfib is energized and the magnetic effect of the flux 'fiOWlllg through the teeth "9i, 'i-IZ is sufficient "to provide the force necessary to keep the spring expanded.

It is believed to be apparentthat *the clutches illustrated in Figs. -6 to 10, inclusive, operate similarly to the clutch of Fig. 1, it being intended in all of the various forms of the invention to provide a ratio of approximately fifty to one between the torque transmitted by the pilot clutch structure and that transmitted "through the clutch as a whole.

Any of the various modifications'areadaptetl for automatic as well as manual operation as will be apparent to those s'k'illedin the art.

Figs. 11 and '12 illustratea modified form *of the invention wherein reverse torque is transmitted through the pilot clutch structure. In this form of the invention, the overrunning rollers til are of smaller size than those used in the above described forms and are disposedbetween the driven shaft H on'which the cams Al are formed and the spring energizing lug 29 ithe latter'having an integral ring portion 95 adapted to be engagedby the ro1lers38 Therol-ler cage -39 'has"a lug which engagesa groove in the shaft H at 96 foi' main-taining the rollers against axial displacement. In operation, the spring 25 is energized by the lug 29 which is driven through the-pilot 31 during clock-wise Whensha'ft l t tendsf'to overrun shaft I'I the lug 9 i rotated through the friction shoe 33; and when-shaft "E l 'tends to overrun shaft ID, the lug 2 9 and pilot member 3| "are rotated throughrollers 38 thus reverse torque is transmitted from shaft H to-sha'ft it through the friction'shoe '33. It is ofcourse'apparent that only a small fraction of the torque capacity of the clutch'can be handled by the pilot structure. However, in some installations, such as in light vehicles, the torque transmission during coasting is relatively light and is readily fhandl'ed by the pilot members.

Among other advantages, this form of clutc'h ip'ermits complete--disengagement of the dr-ive between the two'shafts. When the shaft E l is osci-llated to move the release unember 4B axially of "shaft t! against spring 35, *the fr'ic tion ence &3

.is disengaged from the conical surface of the driving structure, the lug 29 is disengaged from driving engagement with the spring 25, and the rollers 38 cannot establish a drive between the shafts. Thus the driving connection between shaft and II is completely broken. In the previously described forms, the overrunning rollers are disposed directly between driving and driven members of the clutch, therefore the normally driven shaft l I can never overrun the normally driving shaft It even when the energizing lug is in nonenergizing condition.

It is of course obvious that the construction of the Fig. 11 clutch may be readily applied to the power actuated clutches of Figs. 6-9 inclusive, to provide two-way torque transmission and to permit complete release of drive between the two shafts; consequently a detailed description is believed unnecessary.

I claim:

1. In a servo clutch device having a rotatable driving structure and a rotatable driven structure; means for establishing drive between said structures, said means having an end portion positively connected to one of said structures and a second end portion normally free of the other of said structures, and control mechanism for actuating said drive establishing means for effecting and releasing said drive between said driving and driven structures, comprising a rotatable element journalled on the said one of said driving and driven structures, said element having an arm axially overlapping said second end portion of said drive establishing means and relatively movable with respect to the latter and said arm being positively engageable with said second end portion upon rotation of said element whereby to actuate said means to establish said drive, a rotatable electromagnetic field structure drivingly connected to the other of said driving and driven structures, said field structure having axially extending pole faces, a winding carried internally of said field structure, a rotatable armature integral with said rotatable element and in face-to-face relationship with said pole faces, a friction facing carried by said field structure and in face-to-face relationship with said armature, means normally separating said friction facing and armature, and means for conducting electrical energy to said winding for energizing said field structure and armature whereby to engage the latter with said friction facing to establish a drive connection between said other structure and said rotatable element.

2. In a servo clutch device having a rotatable driving structure and a rotatable driven structure; means for establishing drive between said structures positively connected to said driven structure, and control mechanism for actuating said drive establishing means for effecting and releasing drive between said driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element journalled on said driven structure, said element having an arm axially overlapping said means, said arm having relative rotation with respect to said means and being provided with a working face positively engageable with said drive establishing means upon rotation of said element to actuate said means to establish said drive, and a magnetic clutch for drivingly connecting said driving structure and said rotatable element comprising a rotatable electromagnetic field structure drivingly connected with said driving structure and having axially extending annular portions providing a pair of annular pole faces,

8 a field winding between said annular portions of said field structure, an armature carried by said rotatable element and arranged in face-to-face relationship with said pole faces, spring means normally resiliently separating said armature from said pole faces, and stop means for limiting the amount of separation between said armature and pole faces.

3. In a servo clutch device having a pair of coaxial rotatable structures to be drivingly connected; means for establishing drive between said structures said means being positively connected to one of said structures and normally free of the other, and control mechanism for actuating said drive establishing means for effecting and releasing drive between said structures comprising a rotatable element journalled on the said one of said structures, said element having an arm operatively associated with said drive establishing means and axially overlapping the same for positively engaging said means upon rotation of said element, a rotatable electromagnetic field member drivingly connected with said driving structure and having axially extending annular portions providing a pair of annular pole faces, a field winding between said annular portions of said field member; an annular friction facing between said annular portions and immediately adjacent said pole faces; an armature carried by said rotatable element and arranged in face-toface relationship with said friction facing and pole faces, means including a spring for normally separating the armature from said friction facing; and means for conducting electrical energy to said winding for energizing said field member and armature whereby to establish a driving connection between said structures.

4. In a servo clutch device having a rotatable driving structure and a rotatable driven structure; means for establishing drive between said structures positively connected to said driven structure, control mechanism for actuating said drive establishing means for effecting and releasing drive between said driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element journailed on said driven structure, said element having an arm operatively associated with said drive establishing means and axially overlapping the same for positively engaging said means upon rotation of said element; a rotatable electromagnetic field structure drivingly connected with said driving structure and having axially extending annular portions providing a pair of annular ,pole faces; a field winding between said annular portions of said field structure; an annular friction facing between said annular portions and immediately adjacent said pole faces; an axially movable armature carried by said rotatable element and arranged in face-to-face relationship with said friction facing and within the magnetic field of said field structure upon energization thereof; means including a spring for normally separating the armature from said friction facing; and means for conducting electrical energy to said winding for energizing said field structure whereby said armature may be drawn into pressure contact with said friction facing.

5. In a servo clutch mechanism having a rotatable driving structure and a rotatable driven structure; means for establishing drive between said structures positively connected to said driven structure and normally free of said driving structure, control mechanism for actuating said drive establishing means for effecting and releasing 76 drive between said driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element, journalledon saiddrivenl structure, said element having; m arm operatively associated with said drive establishs means and: nelatinely rotata le with respe t thereto and said arm axiallyv overlapping, saidmeans, for positively engaging the same upon rotation ofsaid' element; a rotatable electroma netic field; member drivin ly connected withisai driving structure and having axially extendin annular-portions providing a pail of annular pole faces, a field winding between said annular portions of said field member; an annular friction facing between said annular portions and immediately adjacent said pole faces, an axially movable armature integral with said rotatable element and arranged in face-to-face relationship with said friction facing and within the magnetic field of said field member upon energization thereof, a spring for normally separating said armature from said friction facing and pole faces, a stop for limiting the extent of said separation, and means for conducting electrical energy to said winding including a slip ring rotatable with said field member, and brush means for engaging said slip ring.

6. In a servo clutch device having a rotatable driving structure and a coaxial rotatable driven structure; means for establishing drive between said structures extending axially of the said structures and positively connected to said driven structures while normally free of said driving structure, control mechanism. for effecting and releasing drive between said driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element journalled on said driven structure and wholly drivingly disengaged from the driven structure when said drive establishing means is disengaged, said element having an arm axially overlapping said drive establishing means and relatively rotatable with respect thereto, said arm being provided with a working face extending axially of said element for positively engaging said means upon rotation of said element whereby to actuate said means to establish drive between said driving and driven structures, and a magnetic clutch operable when energized for drivingly connecting said driving structure and said rotatable element for effecting rotation of the latter, said magnetic clutch including an armature and a field structure, one thereof being rigidly connected to said driving structure and the other thereof being wholly drivingly disconnected from said driven structure when said magnetic clutch is deenergized.

'7. In a servo clutch device having a rotatable driving structure and a rotatable driven structure; a spring for establishing a drive between said structures, said spring having one of its ends positively connected to said driven structure and having its other end normally free of said structures, and control mechanism for effecting and releasing drive between said driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element journailed on said driven structure, said element having an arm axially overlapping the said free end of said spring and rotatably movable relative thereto and said arm being provided with a working face for positively engaging the said free end of said spring upon rotation of said element whereby to actuate said spring to establish drive between said driving and driven structures, and means operable for drivingly connecting said driving structure and the said element for effecting rotation of the latter including, an electromagnetic field structure carried by said driving driving structure and" a rotatable driven, structure; a spring for establishing drive between said struc ures, said" spring having one of ends positively connected to said drivenstructure, and having its other end normally free, of saidlstruutures, and, control mechanism foreifect'ing and releasing drive between said" driving and driven structures comprising a rotatable element journalled on said driven structure, said element having an arm overlapping the said free end of said spring and rotatably movable relative thereto and said arm being provided with a working face for positively engaging the said free end of said spring upon rotation of said element whereby to actuate said spring to establish drive between said driving and driven structures, a rotatable electromagnetic field structure drivingly connected to said driving structure, said field structure having axially extending poles terminating in pole faces, a winding carried internally of said field structure between said poles, a rotatable armature drivingly connected to said rotatable element and in face-to-face relationship with said pole faces, means normally resiliently separating said armature and pole faces, and means for conducting electrical energy to said winding whereby to establish a drive between said driving structure and said element for effecting rotation of the latter.

9. In a servo clutch device having coaxial rotatable structures to be drivingly connected; means for establishing drive between said structures, said means having an end portion positively connected to one of said structures and a second opposite end portion normally free of said structures, and control mechanism for eifecting and releasing said drive between said structures comprising a rotatable annular electromagnetic field structure drivingly connected to the other of said structures and surrounding said drive establishing means and one structure, said field structure having concentric axially extending poles terminating in pole faces lying in a plane normal to the axis of rotation of said other structure, a field winding between said poles, an axially movable armature in face-to-face relationship with said pole faces, said armature having a hub portion journalled on said one structure, resilient means normally biasing said armature away from said pole faces, a stop fer maintaining a predetermined gap between said pole faces and armature, an arm carried by Said armature radially inwardly of said field structure, said arm extending axially of said armature to overlap said second end portion of said drive establishing means and being rotatably movable relative thereto and said i arm being adapted to positively engage this end portion upon rotation of said armature to actuate said drive establishing means for establishing drive between said coaxial structures.

LUDGER E. LA BRIE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 647,436 Beck Apr. 10, 1900 (Other references on following page) Number 11 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Watson Jan. 7, 1908 Weichelt Sept. 22, 1908 Schnuck Dec. 19, 1916 Starkey Feb. 2, 1932 Berry Oct. 20,1936 Warner Nov. 24, 1936 Colman Aug. 31, 1937 Number 5 Number Weydell Sept. 10, 1940 10 Name Date La Brie May 1, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Sweden Dec, 23, 1919 Germany Sept. 2, 1920 Germany Sept. 23, 1921 Germany Apr. 28, 1922 

